Authors, studies, and references
DI Dr. Dieter Kropfreiter
Editing & medical technology quality assurance
Dieter Kropfreiter has been conducting scientific research in the field of biomedical technology for many years.
He is the initiator of several biofeedback organisations (e.g. honorary member of the German Society for Biofeedback).
Mag. Bettina Seitlinger
Psychological quality assurance
Clinical psychologist, biofeedback therapist and lecturer at the European Biofeedback Academy.
She gained extensive practical biofeedback experience at the EMCO Private Clinic, the University of Salzburg and at Insight Instruments.
Source information
General sources (books and reviews):
- Martin, A., & Rief, W. (2009). How effective is biofeedback? A therapeutic method. Bern: Huber.
- G. Tan, F. Shaffer, R. Lyle, & I. Teo (Eds.). Evidence-based practice in biofeedback and neurofeedback (3rd ed.). Wheat Ridge, CO: Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback.
- Haus, K. M., Held, C., Kowalski, A., Krombholz, A., Nowak, M., Schneider, E., … & Wiedemann, M. (2013). Practice book biofeedback and neurofeedback. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Sources for the individual application areas
Stress and burnout:
- Pirker-Binder, I. Biofeedback in use against stress, stress-related complaints and burnout.
Purwandini Sutarto, A., Abdul Wahab, M. N., & Mat Zin, N. (2012). Biofeedback training with resonance breathing for stress reduction in production workers. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 18(4), 549-561. - Ratanasiripong, P., Kaewboonchoo, O., Ratanasiripong, N., Hanklang, S., & Chumchai, P. (2015). Biofeedback intervention for the treatment of stress, anxiety and depression among graduate nursing students in public health. Nursing research and practice, 2015.
- Kotozaki, Y., Takeuchi, H., Sekiguchi, A., Yamamoto, Y., Shinada, T., Araki, T., … & Kawashima, R. (2014). Biofeedback-based stress management training for daily stress: an intervention study. Brain and Behaviour, 4(4), 566-579.
- Jarasiunaite, G., Perminas, A., Gustainiene, L., Peciuliene, I., & Kavaliauskaite-Keserauskiene, R. (2015). BIOFEEDBACK-ASSISTED RELAXATION AND PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION AS A MEANS OF INCREASING STUDENTS’ RESILIENCE. European Scientific Journal, 11(2)
Sleeping disorders:
- Riemann, D., & Perlis, M. L. (2009). The treatments of chronic insomnia: a review of benzodiazepine receptor agonists and psychological and behavioral therapies. Sleep medicine reviews, 13(3), 205-214.
Raynaud's disease:
- Karavidas, M. K., Tsai, P. S., Yucha, C., McGrady, A., & Lehrer, P. M. (2006). Thermal biofeedback for primary Raynaud’s phenomenon: A review of the literature. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 31(3), 203-216.
- Ford, M. R. (1982). Biofeedback treatment for headaches, Raynaud’s disease, essential hypertension, and irritable bowel syndrome: A review of the long-term follow-up literature. Biofeedback and Self-regulation, 7(4), 521-536.
- Freedman, R. R., & Ianni, P. (1983). Role of cold and emotional stress in Raynaud’s disease and scleroderma. British Medical Journal, 287, 1499–1502.
- Freedman, R. R., Sabharwal, S. G., Ianni, P., Desai, N., Wenig, P., & Mayes, M. (1988). Nonneural beta-adrenergic vasodilating mechanism in temperature biofeedback. Psychosomatic Medicine, 50, 394–401.
Rehabilitation:
- Inglis, J., Donald, M. W., Monga, T. N., Sproule, M., & Young, M. J. (1984). Electromyographic biofeedback and physical therapy of the hemiplegic upper limb. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 65(12), 755-759.
- Stanton, R., Ada, L., Dean, C. M., & Preston, E. (2011). Biofeedback improves activities of the lower limb after stroke: a systematic review. Journal of physiotherapy, 57(3), 145-155.
- Moreland, J. D., Thomson, M. A., & Fuoco, A. R. (1998). Electromyographic biofeedback to improve lower extremity function after stroke: a meta-analysis. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 79(2), 134-140.
- Basmajian, J. V., Kukulka, C. G., Narayan, M. G., & Takebe, K. (1975). Biofeedback treatment of foot-drop after stroke compared with standard rehabilitation technique: effects on voluntary control and strength. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 56(6), 231-236.
Erectile dysfunction:
- Prota, C., Gomes, C. M., Ribeiro, L. H. S., de Bessa, J., Nakano, E., Dall’Oglio, M., … & Srougi, M. (2012). Early postoperative pelvic-floor biofeedback improves erectile function in men undergoing radical prostatectomy: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. International journal of impotence research, 24(5), 174-178.
- Dorey, G., Speakman, M. J., Feneley, R. C., Swinkels, A., & Dunn, C. D. (2005). Pelvic floor exercises for erectile dysfunction. BJU international, 96(4), 595-597.
Inkontinenz:
- Barnes, J., Bowman, E. P., & Cullen, J. (1984). Biofeedback as an adjunct to psychotherapy in the treatment of vaginismus. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 9(3), 281-289.
- McDowell, B. J., Engberg, S., Sereika, S., Donovan, N., Jubeck, M. E., Weber, E., & Engberg, R. (1999). Effectiveness of behavioral therapy to treat incontinence in homebound older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 47(3), 309-318.
- Dougherty, M. C., Dwyer, J. W., Pendergast, J. F., Boyington, A. R., Tomlinson, B. U., Coward, R. T., … & Rooks, L. G. (2002). A randomized trial of behavioral management for continence with older rural women. Research in nursing & health, 25(1), 3-13.
- Berghmans, L. C. M., Frederiks, C. M. A., De Bie, R. A., Weil, E. H. J., Smeets, L. W. H., Van Waalwijk van Doorn, E. S. C., & Janknegt, R. A. (1996). Efficacy of biofeedback, when included with pelvic floor muscle exercise treatment, for genuine stress incontinence. Neurourology and urodynamics, 15(1), 37-52.
Stress diagnostics:
- Liedl, A., Knaevelsrud, C., & Müller, J. (2013). Trauma and pain: Manual for the treatment of traumatised pain patients. Schattauer publishing house.
Diana Sicher-Fritsch (2013). BIOFEEDBACK AS A MEASUREMENT TOOL FOR CHOOSING THE MOST EFFECTIVE INDIVIDUAL RELAXATION TECHNIQUE FOR STRESS. Online: http://www.fritschamberg.at/zoolu-website/media/document/58/Diplomarbeit+2013+Diana+Sicher-Fritsch+Biofeedback (accessed on 23 May 2017)
Constipation:
- Bassotti, G., Chistolini, F., Sietchiping-Nzepa, F., De Roberto, G., Morelli, A., & Chiarioni, G. (2004). Biofeedback for pelvic floor dysfunction in constipation. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 328(7436), 393.
- Woodward, S., Norton, C., & Chiarelli, P. (2014). Biofeedback for treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation in adults. The Cochrane Library.
- Enck, P., Van der Voort, I. R., & Klosterhalfen, S. (2009). Biofeedback therapy in fecal incontinence and constipation. Neurogastroenterology & Motility, 21(11), 1133-1141.
- Palsson, O. S., Heymen, S., & Whitehead, W. E. (2004). Biofeedback treatment for functional anorectal disorders: a comprehensive efficacy review. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 29(3), 153-174.
- Simón, M. A., & Bueno, A. M. (2009). Behavioural treatment of the dyssynergic defecation in chronically constipated elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 34(4), 273.
Incontinence:
- Barnes, J., Bowman, E. P., & Cullen, J. (1984). Biofeedback as an adjunct to psychotherapy in the treatment of vaginismus. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 9(3), 281-289.
- McDowell, B. J., Engberg, S., Sereika, S., Donovan, N., Jubeck, M. E., Weber, E., & Engberg, R. (1999). Effectiveness of behavioral therapy to treat incontinence in homebound older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 47(3), 309-318.
- Dougherty, M. C., Dwyer, J. W., Pendergast, J. F., Boyington, A. R., Tomlinson, B. U., Coward, R. T., … & Rooks, L. G. (2002). A randomized trial of behavioral management for continence with older rural women. Research in nursing & health, 25(1), 3-13.
- Berghmans, L. C. M., Frederiks, C. M. A., De Bie, R. A., Weil, E. H. J., Smeets, L. W. H., Van Waalwijk van Doorn, E. S. C., & Janknegt, R. A. (1996). Efficacy of biofeedback, when included with pelvic floor muscle exercise treatment, for genuine stress incontinence. Neurourology and urodynamics, 15(1), 37-52.
Profession:
- Munafò, M., Patron, E., & Palomba, D. (2015). Improving Managers’ Psychophysical Well-Being: Effectiveness of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Biofeedback. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 1-11.
- Purwandini Sutarto, A., Abdul Wahab, M. N., & Mat Zin, N. (2012). Resonant breathing biofeedback training for stress reduction among manufacturing operators. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 18(4), 549-561.
- Jarasiunaite, G., Perminas, A., Gustainiene, L., Peciuliene, I., & Kavaliauskaite-Keserauskiene, R. (2015). BIOFEEDBACK-ASSISTED RELAXATION AND PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION POTENTIAL FOR ENHANCING STUDENTS’DISTRESS TOLERANCE. European Scientific Journal, 11(2).
- Kotozaki, Y., Takeuchi, H., Sekiguchi, A., Yamamoto, Y., Shinada, T., Araki, T., … & Kawashima, R. (2014). Biofeedback‐based training for stress management in daily hassles: an intervention study. Brain and behavior, 4(4), 566-579.
- SUTARTO, A. P., & WAHAB, M. N. B. A. Biofeedback Technique for Improving Human Operator’s Cognitive Performance.
Asthma:
- Kern-Buell, C.L., McGrady, A.V., Conran, P.B., & Nelson, L.A. (2000). Asthma severity, psychophysiological indicators of arousal, and immune function in asthma patients undergoing biofeedback-assisted relaxation. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 25(2), 79-91.
- Lehrer, P., Carr, R.E., Smetankine, A., Vaschillo, E., Peper, E., Porges, S., et al. (1997). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia versus neck/trapezius EMG and incentive inspirometry biofeedback for asthma: A pilot study. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 22(2), 95-109.
- Lehrer, P., Smetankin, A., & Potapova, T. (2000). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia biofeedback therapy for asthma: A report of 20 unmedicated pediatric cases using the Smetankin method Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 25(3), 193-200.
Pain therapy:
- Breslau, N., Merikangas, K., & Bowden, C. L. (1994). Comorbidity of migraine and major affective disorders. Neurology.
- Evers, S., May, A., Fritsche, G., Kropp, P., Lampl, C., Limmroth, V., … & Diener, H. C. (2008). Leitlinie der Deutschen Migräne- und Kopfschmerzgesellschaft und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie. Nervenheilkunde, 27, 933-949.
- Mercuri, L. G., Olson, R. E., & Laskin, D. M. (1979). The specificity of response to experimental stress in patients with myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. Journal of Dental Research, 58(9), 1866-1871.
- Shetty, S., Pitti, V., Babu, C. S., Kumar, G. S., & Deepthi, B. C. (2010). Bruxism: a literature review. The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society, 10(3), 141-148.
- Cassisi, J. E., McGlynn, F. D., & Belles, D. R. (1987). EMG-activated feedback alarms for the treatment of nocturnal bruxism: current status and future directions. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 12(1), 13-30.
- Hijzen, T. H., Slangen, J. L., & Houweligen, H. C. (1986). Subjective, clinical and EMG effects of biofeedback and splint treatment. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 13(6), 529-539.
- Feehan, M., & Marsh, N. (1989). The reduction of bruxism using contingent EMG audible biofeedback: a case study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 20(2), 179-183.
Relaxation:
- Evers, S., May, A., Fritsche, G., Kropp, P., Lampl, C., Limmroth, V., … & Diener, H. C. (2008). Guideline of the German Migraine and Headache Society and the German Society of Neurology, 27, 933-949.
- Cott, A., Parkinson, W., Fabich, M., Bédard, M., & Marlin, R. (1992). Long-term efficacy of combined relaxation: biofeedback treatments for chronic headache. Pain, 51(1), 49-56.
- Bruns, T., & Praun, N. (2002). Biofeedback: ein Handbuch für die therapeutische Praxis; mit 15 Tabellen. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
- ADHS
Duric, N. S., Assmus, J., Gundersen, D., & Elgen, I. B. (2012). Neurofeedback for the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD: a randomized and controlled clinical trial using parental reports. BMC psychiatry, 12(1), 107. - Meisel, V., Servera, M., Garcia-Banda, G., Cardo, E., & Moreno, I. (2014). Reprint of “Neurofeedback and standard pharmacological intervention in ADHD: a randomized controlled trial with six-month follow-up”. Biological psychology, 95, 116-125.
- Steiner, N. J., Frenette, E. C., Rene, K. M., Brennan, R. T., & Perrin, E. C. (2014). In-school neurofeedback training for ADHD: sustained improvements from a randomized control trial. Pediatrics, peds-2013.
Anxiety and panic:
- Wilhelm, F. H., Gevirtz, R., & Roth, W. T. (2001). Respiratory Dysregulation in Anxiety, Functional Cardiac, and Pain Disorders: Assessment, Phenomenology, and Treatment. Behavior Modification, 25(4), 513-545. doi: 10.1177/0145445501254003.
- Polak, A. R., Witteveen, A. B., Denys, D., & Olff, M. (2015). Breathing biofeedback as an adjunct to exposure in cognitive behavioral therapy hastens the reduction of PTSD symptoms: a pilot study. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 40(1), 25-31.
- Ratanasiripong, P., Sverduk, K., Prince, J., & Hayashino, D. (2012). Biofeedback and counseling for stress and anxiety among college students. Journal of College Student Development, 53(5), 742-749.
- Brauer, A. (1999). Biofeedback and Anxiety. Psychiatric Times, 16(2), 1-2.
- Meuret, A. E., Wilhelm, F. H., Ritz, T., & Rith, W. T. (2008). Feedback of End-Tidal pCO2 as a Therapeutic Approach for Panic Disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 42(7), 560-568. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.06.005.
- Reiner, R. (2008). Integrating a Portable Biofeedback Device into Clinical Practice for Probands with Anxiety Disorders: Results of a Pilot Study. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 33, 55-61. doi: 10.1007/s10484-007-9046-6.
Depression:
- Karavidas, M. K., Lehrer, P. M., Vaschillo, E., Vaschillo, B., Marin, H., Buyske, S., … & Hassett, A. (2007). Preliminary results of an open label study of heart rate variability biofeedback for the treatment of major depression. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 32(1), 19-30.
- Ratanasiripong, P., Kaewboonchoo, O., Ratanasiripong, N., Hanklang, S., & Chumchai, P. (2015). Biofeedback Intervention for Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Graduate Students in Public Health Nursing. Nursing research and practice, 2015.
- Siepmann, M., Aykac, V., Unterdörfer, J., Petrowski, K., & Mueck-Weymann, M. (2008). A pilot study on the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback in patients with depression and in healthy subjects. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 33(4), 195-201.
- http://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/stories/biofeedback-and-depression-treating-the-blues-with-body-mind (Abruf am 23.05.2017)
Hypertension:
- Lin, G., Xiang, Q., Fu, X., Wang, S., Wang, S., Chen, S., … & Wang, T. (2012). Heart rate variability biofeedback decreases blood pressure in prehypertensive subjects by improving autonomic function and baroreflex. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 18(2), 143-152.
- Blanchard, E. B., McCoy, G. C., Musso, A., Gerardi, M. A., Pallmeyer, T. P., Gerardi, R. J., … & Andrasik, F. (1986). A controlled comparison of thermal biofeedback and relaxation training in the treatment of essential hypertension: I. Short-term and long-term outcome. Behavior Therapy, 17(5), 563-579.
Patel, C., Marmot, M. G., & Terry, D. J. (1981). Controlled trial of biofeedback-aided behavioural methods in reducing mild hypertension. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 282(6281), 2005-2008. - Ford, M. R. (1982). Biofeedback treatment for headaches, Raynaud’s disease, essential hypertension, and irritable bowel syndrome: A review of the long-term follow-up literature. Biofeedback and Self-regulation, 7(4), 521-536.
PTSD:
- Kessler, R. C., Sonnega, A., Bromet, E., Hughes, M., & Nelson, C. B. (1995). Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of general psychiatry, 52(12), 1048-1060.
- Steel, Z., Chey, T., Silove, D., Marnane, C., Bryant, R. A., & Van Ommeren, M. (2009). Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jama, 302(5), 537-549.
- Polak, A. R., Witteveen, A. B., Denys, D., & Olff, M. (2015). Breathing biofeedback as an adjunct to exposure in cognitive behavioral therapy hastens the reduction of PTSD symptoms: a pilot study. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 40(1), 25-31.
- Tan, G., Dao, T. K., Farmer, L., Sutherland, R. J., & Gevirtz, R. (2011). Heart rate variability (HRV) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a pilot study. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 36(1), 27-35.
- Liedl, A., Knaevelsrud, C., & Müller, J. (2013). Trauma and pain: Manual for the treatment of traumatised pain patients. Schattauer Verlag.
Competitive sports:
- Margaret Dupee, Penny Werthner, and Tanya Forneris (2015) A Preliminary Study on the Relationship Between Athletes’ Ability to Self-Regulate and World Ranking. Biofeedback: Summer 2015, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 57-63.
- Lagos, L., Vaschillo, E., Vaschillo, B., Lehrer, P., Bates, M., & Pandina, R. (2008). Heart rate variability biofeedback as a strategy for dealing with competitive anxiety: A case study. Biofeedback, 36(3), 109.